Skip to main content

FM
Former Member

Hey hey hey...

==========

Indian Arrival: Silencing and Erasure

 

Guyana’s Indian Arrival Day should remind us of leaders in the Caribbean in general, and those in Guyana in particular, who are refusing to acknowledge the legitimacy of the descendants of the indentured Indians as a Caribbean people, entitled to the patrimony of their respective countries as citizens of those countries.
Early on politically, there was their refusal to acknowledge as rational and valid the concerns of the Indians of Guyana about being swamped in a Federation of the West Indies, which those same leaders had worked to define as part of a “Pan-African” nation. One of them was Sir Arthur Lewis, who worked assiduously to create, and then save the Federation, after Jamaica and Trinidad had pulled out. Without irony, he condemned “democracy” in plural societies as a “zero-sum game” and asked in reference to elections in Guyana, where Africans were a minority: “Are we, on counting heads, to conclude that…The Indians of British Guyana may liquidate the Negroes?”
The Guyanese Indians, however, with even less alarmist concerns, were dubbed “racialists”, not only by the Caribbean Leaders of African descent, but by Cheddi Jagan, their leader. It was perhaps poetic justice that, in splitting hairs on the Federation due to local politics, he was also dubbed “racialist”!!
Indian Arrival Day should compel the examination of the genesis of this denial of legitimacy to West Indians of Indian descent, especially in Guyana. African Caribbean scholars and leaders have taken great pains to insist that Indian immigrants after 1945 entered into an already formed “Anglo-African Creole society”, with a “white bias” in terms of its value system. But they refused to give credence to those values and their evaluative reach vis-a-vis Indians up to the Independence era, even as they fought to recuperate African culture.
The British hegemonic discourse, on one hand, informed the Indians that they were “industrious” and “thrifty”, as opposed to the Freed Africans, who were “lazy, shiftless and improvident”. But at the same time, the British efforts to proseletyse and “civilise” the Indians gave the Africans the message that they, having imbibed that “civilising” influence for hundreds of years, were socially above the Indians. The latter were uncivilised, backward “coolies”, who were performing menial tasks for wages the slaves had refused.
The history of Guyana is replete with the latter evaluation. In 1963, addressing his party Congress in the midst of a critical general strike against the PPP Government, Burnham offered his analysis on what he called the “race question”. Indians, he said, were belatedly adopting the values of Guyanese society, but because of their late entry, ”…retained much more than fragmentary traces of their native culture…It must also be recognised that in spite of the new values now becoming part of the Indian repertoire, there is a lag between the forward group and the rest.”
It is this view that the “backward” Indian’s “necessary assimilation” into Creole society demands the jettisoning of his “backward” culture that has led to continued and studied efforts to silence and erase that culture, even though Caribbean governments pay lip service to “multiculturalism”.
At Guyana’s Independence, the national symbols of flag (Garveyite and Ethiopian colours) and National Hero (Cuffy) were ostentatiously of African origin, while the National Motto declared the cultural goal explicitly: One People; One Nation; One Destiny.
By 1970, “Ujaama Socialism” was adopted from Tanzania, after Burnham’s tour of Africa, as Guyana’s philosophy of development, when the country became a republic. Republic Day became commemorated by Mashramani, which was simply an imitation of the Trinidadian carnival under a completely made up “Amerindian” name.
Pan African activists in Trinidad had taken much time and effort to prove the African origin of carnival, even as the PNM adopted it as T&T’s “national” festival. In 1970, there was also the Caribbean Writers and Artists Convention – with less than a handful of Caribbean Indians invited. Many of the attendees had been at the Oct 1968 “Montreal Congress of Black Writers of 1968”, which had led to Rodney’s Jamaica Black Power riots. A flavour of the times can be gleaned from the play staged at the Theatre Guild at the time: My Name is Slave. A “Caribbean Festival of the Arts” (CARIFESTA) was proposed and launched in 1972. Representation of Indian culture in the WI has always been, at best, a token gesture. And the silencing and erasure of a people continues unabated, economically, culturally, socially and politically.

Replies sorted oldest to newest

The British hegemonic discourse, on one hand, informed the Indians that they were “industrious” and “thrifty”, as opposed to the Freed Africans, who were “lazy, shiftless and improvident”.

 

 

Where did Ravi Dev found this from ??  is this only in his head ? can some one point where this narrative can be found.

Django

Lots of good observations. Even when Indians were the greater percentage of the population back in the days, anyone taking a quick glance of Guyana would think it was a black country. Same thing with Trinidad, the other country with a sizable Indian population. The rest of the West Indies doesn't have any Indian face. Yet these fools moan and groan about racism.

FM
ksazma posted:

Lots of good observations. Even when Indians were the greater percentage of the population back in the days, anyone taking a quick glance of Guyana would think it was a black country. Same thing with Trinidad, the other country with a sizable Indian population. The rest of the West Indies doesn't have any Indian face. Yet these fools moan and groan about racism.

Years ago I commented on that even when the PPP was in power.  If you read about Guyana on Wikipedia, it’s dominated by references to Afros.  Jagan and few Indians get a passing reference!

FM
Django posted:

Alyuh does talk too much skont, posted some reports check am out here

https://guyana.crowdstack.io/topic/i...on-to-british-guiana

Is Why yuh suh crabby this early Sunday morn?   No warm cake and coffee?   😀

Talking but datt, leh me guh mek some Chai!

FM
Last edited by Former Member
Django posted:

The British hegemonic discourse, on one hand, informed the Indians that they were “industrious” and “thrifty”, as opposed to the Freed Africans, who were “lazy, shiftless and improvident”.

 

 

Where did Ravi Dev found this from ??  is this only in his head ? can some one point where this narrative can be found.

Bai dem stereotype deh in nuff nuff histry book. Me see dat pot solt Mr TK seh how yuh cyant focus pon culture and stereotype yuh gat to focus pon de economics. Hey hey hey...like how dem PNC bais seh ethnic clense and dem get few 1000 acre land. Dem PPP coolies get nothing. Hey hey hey...

FM
Django posted:

Alyuh does talk too much skont, posted some reports check am out here

https://guyana.crowdstack.io/topic/i...on-to-british-guiana

Don't you go to Church or you does Prey on GNI. Today is the first day of fasting for the Muslims, how dare you such language.

  Ravi Dev or Showboy is a genius.

K

Correcting statements that are historically inaccurate


DEAR EDITOR,

In Kaieteur News of Thursday 2 May, there is a letter from Oscar Ramjeet on the contributions of Indians to Guyana. While I agree with Mr Ramjeet that Indians have made a significant contribution to Guyana, there are some statements, which are historically inaccurate, and the Oscar Ramjeet that I know should know better.
For example, there is the statement that “Indentured labourers were brought to the then British Guiana after the abolition of slavery because the ex-slaves and their offspring hated the land maybe because of their forced labour and moved into the towns and cities where most of them were employed as government employees…”
Oscar, dear Oscar, as long ago as 1954, Rawle Farley, a distinguished Guyanese academic, published in the journal of the Institute of Social and Economic Research at the UWI (then the University College of the West Indies) an article, “The Rise of the Peasantry in British Guiana”, in which Professor Farley discussed the conditions in the post-Emancipation period. The “Peasantry” that he wrote about were not Indian peasants, but ex-slave African peasants. Those ex-slaves saved money that they earned under the so-called “Apprenticeship System”, and proceeded to buy abandoned estates in order to establish villages. The first such Village, bought by 83 ex-slaves from 5 estates, was named Victoria (the ex-slaves were told, and believed, that Queen Victoria freed the slaves. She did, in the sense that she had to sign the Emancipation legislation; but by the Victorian era the monarch “reigned, but did not rule”. In other words, it was the British Parliament on the instigation of a number of dedicated supporters of the Emancipation movement, who freed the slaves. And borrowed money from banks – a loan that was not finally repaid until the late 20th century – in order to compensate the owners for the loss of their “property”). One hundred and forty (140) slaves from Pln. Annandale purchased that estate for $50,000, and named it Buxton in honour of one of the foremost supporters of Emancipation. Have you any idea how much $50,000 in 1839 would be worth in today’s Guyanese currency?
Now explain to me, why a people who hated the land would have bought that very land with the hard earned money which they saved from their measly pay during their apprenticeship and from the selling of provisions in the markets. All along the sugar producing areas, ex-slaves combined their earnings to buy abandoned estates, or estates whose owners faced growing financial difficulties due to competition from cheaper sugar, especially beet sugar. You’re telling me that they hated the land, so they bought land? Clearly, there has to be some other explanation for the migration of former slaves and their descendants to the towns. And if you read any of the writings on the post-Emancipation period, you will see that it was because of the actions of many of the estate owners and/or their managers, who could influence the old Court of Policy (the Dutch legislative body retained until a constitutional change in 1928, when Crown Colony Government was established in B.G.) First, they tried destroying the fruit and vegetable farms of the ex- slaves, in order to force them back to the estates. Then they flooded villages, again to destroy the livelihood of the new villagers. Then they taxed them. Indentured servants were entitled to a free passage back home at the end of their indenture. Taxes were levied on villages to raise the funds, which were then used to pay for those return passages. It was the pressures brought to bear on the ex-slaves that drove so many of them into various avenues of usually low level urban employment (e.g., stevedores, garbage collectors, police constables, if they met the qualifications for the police service; but not the higher ranks, which were occupied by lighter skinned mixed race individuals from the former category of “free coloured”. The highest posts were occupied by British officers). Some, it is true, became teachers – in primary schools; most of the teachers, and certainly the Principals of schools like QC and BHS were imports from the UK. Lilian Dewar was the first local Headmistress of Bishops’, and she was appointed to the post AFTER I left in 1958. But even in the primary schools for an African descendant of slaves to become a Principal was a major step in the 19th century. I know. Among my ancestors is a great grandfather who achieved that status and he didn’t think selfish about himself. He had a “suitable” wife – a descendant of the more valuable artisan slaves who were freed before the General Emancipation, and given land in the Die Winkel ward of New Amsterdam. For every funeral he attended, he ensured that his name was published in the newspapers among the list of attendees, demonstrating I suspect, that he was a Very Important Person (VIP)!

Pat Robinson Commissiong

 

 

Did taxes from ex slaves paid for the return of indo back home to India?

FM
ksazma posted:

 Same thing with Trinidad, the other country with a sizable Indian population. The rest of the West Indies doesn't have any Indian face. Yet these fools moan and groan about racism.

Suriname is also considered to be part of the West Indies. They also have a large Indian population.

Mr.T

That’s cannot be correct.  That money remained in escrow and was used to help build the Cultural center.  

You can rest assure, if that was the case, burnham would have seized those funds and told the Indians to fight with the British.  He seized anything in sight he believed his flock was entitled to.

FM
Mr.T posted:
ksazma posted:

 Same thing with Trinidad, the other country with a sizable Indian population. The rest of the West Indies doesn't have any Indian face. Yet these fools moan and groan about racism.

Suriname is also considered to be part of the West Indies. They also have a large Indian population.

True. But a quick glance of it would lead one to believe that it was a black country. Although not at the same level as the BWI since Holland still had a strong influence over it. 

FM
Mr.T posted:
ksazma posted:

 Same thing with Trinidad, the other country with a sizable Indian population. The rest of the West Indies doesn't have any Indian face. Yet these fools moan and groan about racism.

Suriname is also considered to be part of the West Indies. They also have a large Indian population.

They were never part of the WI until recently.

FM
Baseman posted:

That’s cannot be correct.  That money remained in escrow and was used to help build the Cultural center.  

You can rest assure, if that was the case, burnham would have seized those funds and told the Indians to fight with the British.  He seized anything in sight he believed his flock was entitled to.

There was a time when people believed that Burnham would seize the money they had in the bank. Hence the mattress banking system. 

FM
Baseman posted:
Django posted:

Alyuh does talk too much skont, posted some reports check am out here

https://guyana.crowdstack.io/topic/i...on-to-british-guiana

Is Why yuh suh crabby this early Sunday morn?   No warm cake and coffee?   😀

Talking but datt, leh me guh mek some Chai!

Well, that chai felt good.  Now onto making pumpkin fuh me and mi pickney dem!

DJ, you seem out of character lately!  What's happening?  The CCJ making you nervous?

FM
Django posted:
Baseman posted:

DJ, you seem out of character lately!  What's happening?  The CCJ making you nervous?

Naah bhai, i man good.

Me thinks you mussee getting foreday marnin cold shoulder vs warm cake!!

FM

Ravi Dev kick some arss this marning...  the coolie man  DJ blood pressure went up up. soon Sunday marning he cussing. 

This banna DJ don’t like to see a Indian who stand up and represent their own although he carry a badass Indian name. DJ, what you introduce yourself as to your black brothers. 

FM

The moral of the story surrounding the Indo subjugation by Afros in Guyana is quite simple. They didn't fight for their rights, they allowed bannum and other pncites to overrun them, waiting for the white man and other external forces to come to their rescue, which only happened in 1992. Then they again dropped the ball, continuing to allow the pnc bais to harass them. How many indos join the security services? Look at America, all dem white bais in the army and police, guaranteeing that other races will not get out of hand and mek dem second hand citizens. 

FM

Add Reply

×
×
×
×
×
Link copied to your clipboard.
×
×