asj posted:

Quite a long long time: Some time after arrival

in squatting position

Much to the chagrin of the rest of the population, they were infamous for doing other things squatting as well.

I can see that there is singing and dancing as well with musician very busy in the background. 

178 years of the arrival of East Indians in Guyana – they toiled and brought overwhelming success to their adopted homeland

By Shan Razack –

Guyanese, will observe May 5th, Indian Immigration Day for the 178th year since East Indians arrived in what was then British Guiana in 1838, bringing with them their ancient customs, food and culture from India. Under a system of agreement, an order in the Council of Britain was passed on July 12, 1838 making provision for indentured immigrants to travel to Guyana for a term of five years. The emigration of Indians was important for the development of the country, as they proved more suitable for plantation’s work.

Some women and children 1906

Emigration from proprietors of the estates in Guyana arranged for the introduction of 414 immigrants. They were not concerned with the welfare of the labourers; they were only interested in getting into the country as many labourers as possible from anywhere. With an abundant supply of labour they were able to pay low wages and ensure uninterrupted sugar production for export.
On January 13, 1838 the Whitby left the shores of India with 249 immigrants on board and arrived in Guyana on the 5th May 1838 after a voyage of 112 days. Five immigrants died during the voyage. The Whitby proceeded first to Berbice and landed 164 passengers at Hilbury, East Bank Berbice, nearly 12 miles from New Amsterdam. East of the capital, the same day it returned to Vreed-en-hoop, West Demerara and landed 80 passengers. Out of the 244 immigrants that came with the Whitby they were 233 men, 5 women and 6 children. The first man to step on shore in Berbice was Anant Ram while in Demerara the first man to disembark was Nutha Khan.
On January 29, 1838, the Hesperus sailed from Calcutta-sixteen days later than the Whitby, with 165 persons on board. It arrived at Port Georgetown on the night of May 5th 1838, 13 immigrants died during the voyage including two persons who fell over-board. Out of the 152 immigrants that came on board the Hesperus, were 135 men, 6 women and 11 children!

The Hesperus

On January 26, 1845 ‘Lord Hunger’ left Calcutta with 162 passengers on board, the ship arrived in Georgetown on May 4, 1845, and ten persons died on the way. Next ship was the ‘Success’, which arrived on July 21, 1845 with 231 passengers, 14 died on the way. Next was the ‘Nester’, which arrived on December 26, 1845 with 233 persons and brought 500 bags of rice.
On February 2, 1846 ‘Manchester’ then the ‘Thetis’ followed by the ‘Tamerlane’ the ‘Martin Luther’ and ‘Troy” in succession, then the ‘John Wickliffe’, the ‘Bussorary Merchant’, the ‘Aurora’, ‘Lady Mekennaway’ and lastly the ‘SSGanges’, which docked in Georgetown on April 18, 1917. Bringing that period, 79 years- 238,979 indentured labourers journeyed from India to Guyana to work under colonial administration. They were distributed to various locations on the coastland of Guyana. The plantation system and conditions were not favorable at all.
Those immigrants worked from sunrise to sunset and were so poorly paid that they were just able to exist. They slaved and provided luxurious living for their masters. They brought with them a rich culture and heritage together with a language. The indentured immigrants were disciplined and found satisfaction in honest and productive work. They were kind, hospitable and generous and they lived contented lives. They made tremendous sacrifices so that their descendants would be able to enjoy a better standard of living.
The foremost characteristic of the struggle of the East Indian immigrants against indenture and plantation system was their unity. Their unity had been forged on shipboard. Those who came on the same ship were considered as ship brothers and sisters-“JAHAJI”. A further contributing factor to unity was that everyone came with an inter-faith mind of mainly Hindus and Muslims and there was also a belief that the caste system has been lost through the crossing of ‘Kaala’ Pani (Black Water). Through the years the community spirit has manifested itself in various situations-forming groups singing Ramayan, Bhajanas reading of the Holy Quran and observing the various festivals and holi days etc.
The plantation owners and the colonial administration feared the unity of the workers and used several techniques to destroy it. By January 1830, there was evidence that the Indian labourers were being mistreated. Far more significant were the uprisings, which frequently led to tragic deaths of immigrant workers protesting illegal wages, bad conditions and the exploitation of their women.

Indian Cottages

There were eight main disturbances on sugar plantations leading to shooting by colonial police from Devonshire Castle in 1872 to 1948 at Enmore. Sadly enough, there were no trade unions until recent times!
At Vreed-en-hoop, West Bank Demerara an English nurse Betsy Ann testified that she had witnessed the flogging of immigrants with the cat-o-nine tails, and another woman Elizabeth Caesar witnessed the flogging of immigrants under the manager’s house after which, salt pickle was rubbed on to their backs. Figures show that one out of every five immigrants was brought before the courts; not for offences of a criminal nature but for resistance to a plantation system, which was supported by the judiciary and colonial administration.
The East Indians have contributed in a significant way to build Guyana’s economic and social structures. It was indeed the unity of principle and action among East Indians that brought overwhelming success to dear land of Guyana.
PS. May 5th was declared a national holiday in 2005 for the first time in Guyana. It was intended to reflect on the arrival of four ethnic groups to Guyana as indentured servant, including Africans who came as slaves.

http://www.guyanatimesinternational.com/?p=26102

History

On May 5, 1838, the year of finalized abolition slave emancipation in the British West Indies and the beginning of the indentured labor system, 396 Indian immigrants popularly known as the 'Gladstone Coolies' landed in British Guiana (now Guyana) from Calcutta (now Kolkata).^[3] This was the beginning of the indenture system which was to continue for over three-quarters of a century and whose essential features were very reminiscent of slavery. Within a decade Indian immigration was largely responsible for changing the fortunes of the sugar industry, the mainstay of the economy, from the predicted 'ruin' to prosperity.

Up to the early 1860s recruits in North India were drawn from in and around Calcutta and from the Chota Nagpur plateau, a sub-division of the Bengal Presidency about two to three hundred miles from Calcutta. Those from Chota Nagpur were the 'Hill Coolies' or Dhangars. The Dhangars were in great demand by tea garden planters to clear the jungle for the expansion of tea cultivation. Consequently, recruiting operations were pushed further north-westwards and the North-Western Provinces and Oudh (Modern Uttar Pradesh) and Bihar became the main suppliers of colonial labor.

The importation of labor from the Indian subcontinent was part of a continuing search by Guianese planters for a labor force that was docile, reliable and amenable to discipline under harsh, tropical conditions. Emancipation had conferred on the Guianese laborers both physical and occupational mobility. The majority of Indian immigrants were drawn from North India with smaller batches coming from the Tamil and Telugu districts of South India. They were recruited, very often on spurious promises, by professional recruiters, largely assisted by paid local agents called "Arkatis" in North India and "Maistris" in South India.

This system of recruitment by local agents formed the backbone of all recruiting operations from the inception of the system to its cessation in 1917. Intimidation, coercion and deception were very often used to recruit Indian laborers. Women, in particular, were very vulnerable. When laborers were difficult to enlist, the recruiters resorted to such illegal practices as kidnapping and forced detention. Many recruited to be shipped off the Caribbean, were falsely advised on where they were heading. Names of places would be altered, to fit a higher meaning. For example, recruiters told migrants, heading to Dutch Suriname they were heading to Sri-Ram, instead of Suriname, taking into account, Ram in the Hindu religion means, a religious place where good triumphs evil.^[4]

With a need for labor, after the slave emancipation within British territory in 1834, the recruited Indian immigrants set sail for Guiana and other British West Indian territories. Upon arrival, the newly transplanted indentured servants were forced to adapt to extreme tropical conditions, along with their new working contract working conditions. Between 1835 and 1918, 341,600 indentured laborers from India was imported into British Guiana.^[5]

As the increase of Indians laborers, hostility and fear of being undermined derived from the existing working class of newly free slaves in British Guiana. Treatment of the newly arrived immigrants were horrendous, pushing them into isolated communities.^[6]

The indentured servants, were required to sign a contract, the terms bounding their service to a plantation for five years, while earning a fixed daily wage. Once this five-year period has passed, they would have another five years of industrial residence in Guiana, then they were entitled to free repatriation. At the end of the contract, laborers either returned to India or stayed in British Guiana, those who stayed received land and money to create their own businesses.The prospect of sexual relations with Indian women was at first unappealing to the original mostly male Chinese migrants to Guyana even though there was a lack of Chinese women. Eventually their attitude changed and Indian women and Chinese men established sexual relationships with each other as happened in Mauritius.^[8] Chinese men had to marry women of other ethnicities due to the lack of Chinese women migrating to British Guiana.^[9] Creole sexual relationships and marriages with Chinese and Indians was rare, however, more common was Indian women and Chinese men establishing sexual relations with each other and some Chinese men took their Indian wives back with them to China.

Over time, although there were more Creole marriages with Chinese, there was a growth of Indian marriages with Chinese and it was reported that "It is not an uncommon thing to find a cooly woman living with a Chinaman as his wife, and in one or two instances the woman has accompanied her reputed husband to China." by Dr. Comins in 1891, with six Indian women marrying Chinese men in 1892 as reported by The Immigration Report for 1892.

On plantations white European managers took advantage of and use indentured Indian woman for sex,^[14] in addition, English, Portuguese, and Chinese men were also in sexual relationships with Indian women as noted by Attorney General W.F. Haynes Smith, while Creole women were abhorred or ignored by Indian men.

The low ratio of Indian women compared to Indian men, along with the factor of Portuguese, white overseers and managers, and Chinese men having sexual relations with Indian women, aggravated the problem of rivalry for Indian women between Indian men, and drove up the value of Indian women. The deficit in Indian women compared to men was caused by the recruitment quota ratio of 100 men to 40 women, most of the women were young and single, and the shortage of Indian women for Indian men was aggravated when Indian women were taken by Africans and European overseers, leading to high amounts of wife murders against Indian woman by Indian men.

The Guyanese-Indian journalist Gaiutra Bahadur wrote about the experiences of Indian coolie women. Sex was utilized as a potent instrument by Indian coolie women such as when they obtained favors from overseers by having sex with them, and the women could either have been "imperiled" or "empowered" when forming sexual relations with overseers.

Sexual abuse, horrible living standards, and tough work were all things Indian coolie women had to contend with.

Courtesy Wikipedia:

Memories of the Indian Arrival Day parade:

 Memories of the Indian Arrival Day parade:

Memories of the Indian Arrival Day parade:

Memories of the Indian Arrival Day parade:

asj posted:

History

when Indian women were taken by Africans and European overseers, leading to high amounts of wife murders against Indian woman by Indian men.

.

Courtesy Wikipedia:

Wow!

Memories of the Indian Arrival Day parade:


A model of the Whitby the ship that transported Indentured Immigrants from Asia to Guyana during the year 1838 during yesterday’s Indian Religious, Cultural and Social Organization (IRCSO) annual Arrival Day parade at the Joe Vieira Park, West Bank Demerara, commemorating 174 years of Indian Arrival in Guyana. (Photo by Lakhram Bhagirat)

Courtesy Stabroek News:

Guyana still do have a day called Indian Arrival Day, but in sense we really do not see in Guyana, any form of celebrations reflecting this occasion. To call a spade a spade I would want to believe that the PNC/AFC Coalition Government has placed less emphasis on the Indian Arrival Day where as today seems nothing like a celebration of an Indian Day Occasion. Even the TV Stations would just play a few Indian Songs and that's it.
Ofcourse this is a report that I do have from Guyana.

asj posted:

Guyana still do have a day called Indian Arrival Day, but in sense we really do not see in Guyana, any form of celebrations reflecting this occasion. To call a spade a spade I would want to believe that the PNC/AFC Coalition Government has placed less emphasis on the Indian Arrival Day where as today seems nothing like a celebration of an Indian Day Occasion. Even the TV Stations would just play a few Indian Songs and that's it.
Ofcourse this is a report that I do have from Guyana.

Its called Arrival Day, and not only Indians are commemorated. 

In fact every group, aside from those who were indigenous to the land, who arrived as enslaved people, or who were the colonizers, are celebrated.

In fact a not insignificant % of the ancestry of Afro Guyanese isn't because of slavery, this being a point that even most blacks aren't aware of.  And I am not even taking into account the Bajans, and other Islanders, who didn't arrive as slaves.

asj posted:

Quite a long long time: Some time after arrival

It is always a treat, to see our forefathers and their lifestyle, from the picture we can gather that they liked eating under a shaded tree, and they love eating with their bare hands, sitting in squatting position we can see that maybe they are having dhall and rice and curry...pumpkin or bhajee and or aloo, or katahar, whatever it is, we can see that they are taken up by the tasty meal, and then there is Nanee with her long ankle length dress and with her well starched Romal (headwear) looking carefully to see that none of her fambly, (lol) goes wanting for some more. Looking carefully, there is that pot that contains much more food and Nanee is there to serve, and there is a bucket seems to contain water. Looking at the road in front of Stabroek Market, one would be amazed to see after 92 years it is still all there, just like it is. 

Oh the Market itself and the bullock carts with wagon wheels is another story. Double click on the 1922 picture here and there is the complete scenery, wonder how did they get a pic like this in 1922.

Cool pic. lemme see, rite where that cart is used to be 'the dread shop'. my friend keith otto used to run it.
Place look pretty much the same, drain and all.

caribny posted:

asj posted:

Quite a long long time: Some time after arrival

in squatting position

Much to the chagrin of the rest of the population, they were infamous for doing other things squatting as well.

Totally unnecessary statement. I suppose your ancestors didn't squat. They probably took a shit standing up.

Sheik101 posted:

caribny posted:

asj posted:

Quite a long long time: Some time after arrival

in squatting position

Much to the chagrin of the rest of the population, they were infamous for doing other things squatting as well.

Totally unnecessary statement. I suppose your ancestors didn't squat. They probably took a shit standing up.

Just reporting what the folks said.   Many complaints based on hygiene, or lack thereof.  Looking at India of today, not shocking.

As others bray that Indians were "saved" Guyana, just remember that part.

caribny posted:

asj posted:

Quite a long long time: Some time after arrival

in squatting position

Much to the chagrin of the rest of the population, they were infamous for doing other things squatting as well.

caribny....yuh gotta go sh1tting on the people's parade? Enjoy the heritage and the significance of their arrival for a change - no matter how adversarial their presence was.

Kari posted:

caribny posted:

asj posted:

Quite a long long time: Some time after arrival

in squatting position

Much to the chagrin of the rest of the population, they were infamous for doing other things squatting as well.

caribny....yuh gotta go sh1tting on the people's parade? Enjoy the heritage and the significance of their arrival for a change - no matter how adversarial their presence was.

Oh you mean when they spend all day claiming that Indians are better than every one else, and that Indians "saved" Guyana?

Some reality as to what those who were present in Guyana saw, when those folks arrived will be in order.  Didn't even mention the killing of women.

Sheik101 posted:

caribny posted:

Much to the chagrin of the rest of the population, they were infamous for doing other things squatting as well.

Totally unnecessary statement. I suppose your ancestors didn't squat. They probably took a shit standing up.

Caribj is one of the bottom-feeder mouth pieces of the Indo-hating PNC dead-ender club based here in the USA.  They are filled with hatred towards Indians in Guyana and are irritated by even the presence of Indians among some of their events.  They are a PNC elitist ruling class out of Guyana, well educated and even marry among their own.  They have deep roots with the current ruling cabal in GT.

Caribj may not be one of them directly, but do act as a conduit for their message.  BTW, none of them would go back to Guyana to live, but they do fund and support like minded ethno-centric nationalist groups in Guyana.

caribny posted:

Kari posted:

caribny posted:

Much to the chagrin of the rest of the population, they were infamous for doing other things squatting as well.

caribny....yuh gotta go sh1tting on the people's parade? Enjoy the heritage and the significance of their arrival for a change - no matter how adversarial their presence was.

Oh you mean when they spend all day claiming that Indians are better than every one else, and that Indians "saved" Guyana?

Caribj, the way things headed in Guyana, even Harmon now courting the Indians in Guyana and abroad to come save Guyana.

The much touted value proposition of the PNC, i.e. security and transparency, has yet to materialize!!

Caribj, stick to cussing out in Brooklyn, you are no value proposition to the people of Guyana of any race!!

ba$eman posted:

 

Caribj, the way things headed in Guyana, even Harmon now courting the Indians in Guyana and abroad to come save Guyana.

!!

He does so because black people don't pay bribes.  In fact Bajans have to tell you all to keep your bribe paying behavior out of their island.

caribny posted:

ba$eman posted:

 

Caribj, the way things headed in Guyana, even Harmon now courting the Indians in Guyana and abroad to come save Guyana.

!!

He does so because black people don't pay bribes.  In fact Bajans have to tell you all to keep your bribe paying behavior out of their island.

On another thread I reminded you of Granger's invitation to go invest in Guyana. Now you have no excuse about PPP in power, yet you keep ducking and hiding. My impression is that even you don't have faith in your own Black folks. 

This Indian women and chinese men BS sounds like false lying propaganda from caribbeanj

Drugb posted:

.

On another thread I reminded you of Granger's invitation to go invest in Guyana. Now you have no excuse about PPP in power, yet you keep ducking and hiding. My impression is that even you don't have faith in your own Black folks. 

I think druggie has access to my bank account so that he knows what I am doing.

Druggie Guyana is no different from what it was under the PPP.  The difference between me and you is that I don't blindly support a gov't just because their leadership is the same race as I.

Bet you invested NOTHING under Jagdeo's devilish regime.

Prashad posted:

This Indian women and chinese men BS sounds like false lying propaganda from caribbeanj

Why? It is a documented fact that there were widespread jealous murders of Indian females, by Indian men, so why the shock that many selected men from other ethnic groups.

caribny posted:

asj posted:

Quite a long long time: Some time after arrival

in squatting position

Much to the chagrin of the rest of the population, they were infamous for doing other things squatting as well.

This chap Carib is quite a racist. He hates Indos to the core.

He is shameless ! He represents the new generation of Granger's PNC.

yuji22 posted:

caribny posted:

asj posted:

Quite a long long time: Some time after arrival

in squatting position

Much to the chagrin of the rest of the population, they were infamous for doing other things squatting as well.

This chap Carib is quite a racist. He hates Indos to the core.

He is shameless ! He represents the new generation of Granger's PNC.

I repeat a historical fact of how people reacted to the Indians, when they arrived.

Daily you scream about blacks being savages and jungle animals.

Carib, I notice every now and again you always say that this is a fact or that is a fact but you never present any proof to back up your claim. No documentation, photos or the like. How then can members of the board know if you"re telling the truth or just blowing smoke up their ass. Just asking.

caribny posted:

Prashad posted:

This Indian women and chinese men BS sounds like false lying propaganda from caribbeanj

Why? It is a documented fact that there were widespread jealous murders of Indian females, by Indian men, so why the shock that many selected men from other ethnic groups.

Here"s a classic example. Can you plaster this documented fact on the board for all to see?

Lying Caribj, Lying Caribj ,you lie so often that you hope some will stick. You are the Coalition Mole on GNI.

caribny posted:

yuji22 posted:

caribny posted:

asj posted:

Quite a long long time: Some time after arrival

in squatting position

Much to the chagrin of the rest of the population, they were infamous for doing other things squatting as well.

This chap Carib is quite a racist. He hates Indos to the core.

He is shameless ! He represents the new generation of Granger's PNC.

I repeat a historical fact of how people reacted to the Indians, when they arrived.

"

You Lying Black KKK, show us the PROOF that" Daily you scream about blacks being savages and jungle animals." This forum gives you the opportunity to express you RACIST behavior.

caribny posted:

asj posted:

Quite a long long time: Some time after arrival

in squatting position

Much to the chagrin of the rest of the population, they were infamous for doing other things squatting as well.

It would seem that they have come a far way improving their surroundings when compared to the physical and sanitary conditions of those housing schemes in Georgetown. Bai, why yuh insist on constantly abusing your nirvana suh?

Sheik101 posted:

caribny posted:

Prashad posted:

This Indian women and chinese men BS sounds like false lying propaganda from caribbeanj

Why? It is a documented fact that there were widespread jealous murders of Indian females, by Indian men, so why the shock that many selected men from other ethnic groups.

Here"s a classic example. Can you plaster this documented fact on the board for all to see?

Over time, although there were more Creole marriages with Chinese, there was a growth of Indian marriages with Chinese and it was reported that "It is not an uncommon thing to find a cooly woman living with a Chinaman as his wife, and in one or two instances the woman has accompanied her reputed husband to China." by Dr. Comins in 1891, with six Indian women marrying Chinese men in 1892 as reported by The Immigration Report for 1892.

On plantations white European managers took advantage of and use indentured Indian woman for sex,^[14] in addition, English, Portuguese, and Chinese men were also in sexual relationships with Indian women as noted by Attorney General W.F. Haynes Smith, while Creole women were abhorred or ignored by Indian men.

The low ratio of Indian women compared to Indian men, along with the factor of Portuguese, white overseers and managers, and Chinese men having sexual relations with Indian women, aggravated the problem of rivalry for Indian women between Indian men, and drove up the value of Indian women. The deficit in Indian women compared to men was caused by the recruitment quota ratio of 100 men to 40 women, most of the women were young and single, and the shortage of Indian women for Indian men was aggravated when Indian women were taken by Africans and European overseers, leading to high amounts of wife murders against Indian woman by Indian men.

Courtesy Wikipedia:

cain posted:

Sheik101 posted:

., and the shortage of Indian women for Indian men was aggravated when Indian women were taken by Africans and European overseers, leading to high amounts of wife murders against Indian woman by Indian men.

Courtesy Wikipedia:

I guess they will claim that I wrote this article.

kp posted:

Lying Caribj, Lying Caribj ,you lie so often that you hope some will stick. You are the Coalition Mole on GNI.

Its a pity that you cannot read as evidence of my claim about wife murders is right there.

There are also historic accounts that indicated that the creole population was perturbed by some of the habits of the Indian indentures, public defecation being one, and "immoral" dress by the men being another, apparently male genitalia wasn't always as disguised as 19th C mores in British Guiana demanded.

kp posted:

.

"

You Lying Black KKK, show us the PROOF that" Daily you scream about blacks being savages and jungle animals." This forum gives you the opportunity to express you RACIST behavior.

 

You seriously aren't going to argue that there isn't extreme bigoted remarks against blacks made frequently on this board by those who are most fervent in their support for Jagdeo and Trump.

If you don't notice this then you must be a racist!  

Many blacks, who used to post here, no longer do as they see GNI as a cesspit for anti black bigotry with the moderators taking almost no action against this.