Africans brought to these lands a slaves came way before most whites and built this country more than those whites. The Germanic whites, the Italian whites, the Irish whites, the Jewish whites, the East European whites - they all came after the Africans.
The native Indians were pushed out and ended up in reservations after wars and starvation methods of killing the buffaloes of the Plains.
I'm not sure of references to Indians in the Constitution, but Africans were deemed 3/5th of a human.
After the Civil war and Reconstruction started the South was given effective home rule in an Election Inauguration-Eve Agreement that made Hayes the President over Tilden. That started decades of segregation, the KKK and the impoverishment - more impoverishment as they started in a hole - of Black Americans, until the 60s Civil Rights legislation.
Vietnam and the oil shortage 70s gave way to Regan's America that pushed Blacks further into ghetto life. Bill Clinton's Crime Bill deal with Newt Gingrich began the dissolution of most Black homes with fathers being incarcerated.
With Barack Obama being elected, you began to see the distorted history that confined Blacks to an America devoid of proper education, economic opportunities and a felon population that could not effectively contribute to their livelihoods. (I saw a slogan in Brooklyn today - the lower the wage the bigger the gauge. Gauge is gun gauge.) The police violence that bred Black Live Matter is only part of the boots on the necks of African-Americans. Black Lives is meant to highlight the chewap manner in which Black lives are seen relative to other races' lives, and they are right. Black Lives Matter is right.
Obama has had to do for Blacks in a manner that makes him walk a tightrope. He has to appear to not favor Blacks. He can't even be bombastic like the leeway given to Trump. That in itself tells you about the state of racism in America today.
This is systemic and embedded. We see it here on GNI in some Indians' views of Blacks too. Black neighborhoods are not trashy because they want it that way or its in their DNA. Start thinking that and you will disrespect an entire race.
I don't know if Hillary will be up to that task but her talk with Black Lives Matter is encouraging. I will be saddened that Obama is nearing the end of his terms in office as I believe he can make a difference. He has made a difference in many ways, but Ghandi did not change systemic attitudes, MLK couldn't nor could Mandela. Barack has not been able to do the equivalent between the Israelis and Palestinians or between Shiites and Sunnis, though he tried like hell. Similarly he could not bridge that gap between Republicans and Democrats and between white America and Black America as much as he would like. But on the big systemic void he's worked in some ways to changer attitudes. He was successful in the gender gap and sexual orientation gap, but this one is a big challenge. It must bedevil him.