Billy you know what you need to do to get me to begin to trust you?  Concede as I do that BOTH races have discriminated against each other, when given a chance, and BOTH have suffered, and so BOTH hang on to useless parties in a desperate attempt to protect themselves against each other.

There is no Indian version of the Middle Passage.  Stop implying that there is.  There is an Indian version of the Irish Potato Famine.

I have read this article. Before I comment on its content I wish to share some background facts.
David Granger retired from the Guyana Defence Force in 1992. While in the army he had studied at the University of Guyana and graduated with a History major.
After Granger retired as a soldier he founded a news magazine, GUYANA REVIEW. That publication was highly and widely respected for its professionalism. No other than a leading PPP comrade, whom I shall not name, mailed me individual issues of Guyana Review to my Toronto address from time to time. The publication impressed me too, as did David Granger the historian.
Now, to the article itself, which I read with an open mind with due regard to Granger's expertise in history. Please note that this article was originally published in the Guyana Review in 2009, one year before Granger became PNC leader and two years before he became Leader of the Opposition in the National Assembly.
In terms of space, Mr Granger's article covers large ground with detailed facts and information on Indian immigration, working and living as indentured labourers, Indian activities after indentureship, their accomplishments in varied fields, etc.
No doubt, he researched the subject well and acknowledged his professional indebtedness to Indo-Guyanese historians like Basdeo Mangru and Tota Mangar as sources.
Granger writes: "The Indian presence has immeasureably enriched the Guyanese nation. Descendants of indentured labourers continue to contribute to the cultural, economic and political life of the country."
Regarding the political aspect, Granger notes that the PPP "is still the dominant force in the Indian community and is likely to remain so in the foreseeable future." That's a fair statement.
Overall, I readily recommend this article to anyone who wants to know about Indo-Guyanese and their history. They have nothing to lose.

As I stated two times earlier, 50% minus 1 percent means minority. It is pure mathematical ignorance to state you know of a "truer" minority status.

If you the "apology" is a strategy to seek the Indian vote it is a poor one. You have heaps of PPP corrupt practices to display before them; you have constitution reform, you have numerous policy initiatives but these are not helpful to you. Only an apology is!

Carib is suspicious of Kari's proposal of an apology by the PNC to Indians for the wrongs of the past. He thinks it's a clever attempt to trick the PNC into alienating its traditional supporters which would give the PPP a comfortable win at the polls. Kari is arguing that an apology by the PNC would weaken the PPP and send them packing perhaps even wither away as a political force. I don't know what Kari sees as an "another gov't" to replace the current one that would do this great favor to those who has a viscereal hate of the PPP. The Granger led opposition has refused to accept that the PNC rigged elections, carried out political assassinations, emptied the treasury, alienated the middle-class, sent Guyana's skillful workers running to foreign lands, reduced the Indians to a status of second class citizens, and whole lot of other horrible things. How can Indians in Guyana suddenly put their trust in a man who has no intention of acknowledging the terrible past of the PNC.  On the contrary, he glorified those soldies who executed PPP political activists on the Courantyne and charged Indo-Guyanese for carrying out, in his words, the worst terrorist attack in Latin America's history. Granger sounds like an old PNC dinosaur.

what are u talking about . . . when did he do that?

Granger presented a paper in Santiago, Chile charging that Indians in Guyana carried out the bombing of the Sun Chapman which he says was the worst terrorist atttack in Latin America.

did he charge the collective "Indians in Guyana" . . .? please provide the quote

Please read.

Another ‘leadership quality’ of the Brigadier is his unique revisionism/sanitising of Guyana’s history.  For example, in October 2003, in Santiago, Chile, Mr. Granger presented a paper titled, “Civil Violence, Domestic Terrorism and Internal Security In Guyana, 1953-2003,” at a conference organised by the Centre for Hemispheric Defence Studies. In his presentation, Granger deliberately omitted the PNC orchestrated, May 25-26, 1964, Wismar Massacre of East Indians, but was effusive about the Sun Chapman tragedy, lamenting, “…the most alarming slaughter…of 40 Africans on 6th July…in the Demerara River on a motor launch to Mackenzie.”

ok, all very interesting . . . albeit sumbady like u talking bout a paper, but

where is the part about Guyanese East Indians collectively guilty of the terror bombing?

Who do you think he is linking it to?  

you made a highly provocative statement . . . and can't back it up

how very not-unusual

Well this did happen, much as people wish to deny it.

And the PPP either ignores the Sun Chapman bombing or invents the foolishness that people would actually transport explosives from G/twn to McKenzie when that town was full of explosives easily available to any one.

Plus why would the PNC transport bombs to McK when it was a PNC town?

This is exactly why either the PNC does NOT apologize of BOTH the PPP and the PNC apologize together.  Only a small % of Indians are willing to accept the role of the PPP in Guyana's ethnic distrust.

This is a very good academic peice that will do well in a University.

What has he done in reality for the East Indians?

Very little!

ACADEMIA TALK IS CHEAP!

Very nice article and well researched.

Granger does not have to offer an apology, which seems somewhat humiliating.  What he has to do is put forward a plan to the nation to push for targeted constitutional reforms to block any future alliance between any ruling party and the national military/security services.  As an ex-military guy, he will have tremendous credibility and build good-faith with the Indian community.  If he does that, he will surpass the heroics of those we now view as heroes.

The Brits investigated and concluded it was an internal explosion, likely caused by explosives being transported and was stored to close to the engine.  The Afro terrorists were transporting explosives to use against the Indians in McKenzie/Wismar.

Given the atmosphere of distrust at that time, how did any Indian get through to plant significant explosives on this boat filled with Afros?

Factually and logically, that's the truth and you know it.

Incorrect.

Correct.

There were threats made to blow up the boat which were investigated by the police. Those seeking to rewrite history will try to peddle this nonsense story that it was an accident.

Mr Kishan why you throwing cheap shot? Dont be jelous of Mr Granger who increase PNC votes to 41%. The article was in Stabrioek News. Stabroek is not academic textbook. Don't be angry becase you cant do like that. 

PNC and PPP have to APOLOGISE at the SAME TIME. No propaganda. Look how ya'll prostitute the Rodney enquiry? 

Mr Gilbakka thank you one million time for that valuable and wise thought. I will share it with my father and mamoo. 

JB

I still cannot comprehend why an apology by the PNC has to be tied TO one from the PPP.

The PPP was elected over and over since 1992, they are not in office by the barrel of a gun. I agree that there is massive corruption and the Government is not that transparent but to link a call for them to apologize, I ask apologize for what? Some of them will need to be jailed but not an apology.

PROPAGANDA and I born in 1989. We don't care for Mr Burnham. 

People take lessons from history.  Today's Jews/Europeans are vigilant about Hitler-likes persons and beliefs.

The issue goes beyond and single individual as after Granger, who knows who will rise.  The dream and aspiration of most Afros for a re-establishment of the old "Burnham order" by any means necessary is alive and very well.  We need to guard against that.

The argument must also be made for reforms.

Today the PPP is holding on to the PNC RIGGED CONSTITUTION LIKE IT IS THE BIBLE.

Billy, this is brilliant. I mean it - no sarcasm here. You've put what I was saying in a more succinct manner. As long as Granger is a Dinosaur, and by extension the PNC, APNU has no way of dislodging the PPP. The AFC can't and a combined APNU/AFC is iffy, then the PPP continues to rule Guyana forever. MAaybe that's what CaribJ and Redux secretly want.

We have to be very, very careful of staunch RACIST like Caribj who believe he can rewrite History. The PPP had no way of importing Explosives, Dr Jagan did not believe in Violence. He was an ardent Student of Mahatma Ghandi. For this deep seated RACIST to come here and try to tell us what happened with Sun Chapman is more than enough proof that Guyana has it's own version of PW Botha!!!!

I would like to invite Bhai Churchill to give his thoughts on this thread, please.

Why does it always have to be about people.  I said clearly it was a well written article, but I ask the hard question?

WHAT has GRANJA done for EAST Indians since he got power since 2011?

Hmmm!

These horse running with blinkers and cannot see the big picture.

Can you understand why DANALD will be the President again in 2017?

The PNC Team wuss than the PPP, they do not want to take accountability and do what needs to be done.

They are only interested in power for power sake.

Excellent questions for JB, and one prescient comment.

har de har har har har har har harrr!

[dignifying the absurd with comment would be a crime against reason]

In all my years on GNI, this is one of the MOST direct and intelligent Post I have seen.!!!

It actual will be progress to shut your arse up permanently since you have nothing to add to civilization.  

WHAT has GRANJA done for EAST Indians since he got power since 2011?

'tanks' bai . . . i am overwhelmed wid all dis 'affection'

u lookin fuh a piece of me too? . . . suh u can tell yuh chirren dat yuh is not really a PUNK and does actually fite and get beat up by big man

is dat rite?

What CHLIDREN have to do with this?

Why don't you go and fkck yourself you demented imbicile REDUX.

You operate like you know everything, yet you know so little.  

For your information, I do not have children in my home.  All my children are in your home because your wife made them for me and you minding them.

Samjee!

That is to tell you, when you get into a verbal debate, leave family out.  If you have nothing else to say Mr. TK, shut yu rass.

Only an antiman who cannot stand for his own principles, attack children.  You are a coward and a cheap low class slime.

Look gwan suh you low life crab who hungry fuh power and getting fustrated that the PPP shutting you rass out.

I am saying again Mr. David Arthur Granger (Brig rtd) will NEVER ever be PRESIDENT of Guyana.

PUT THAT IN YOU BROKEN PIPE AND SMOKE IT.

At least you see sarcasm when it rears its head.

What the AFC and PPP do for East Indians? At least APNU stop the biggest rip off of ALL Guyanese Amaila hydro choke and rob. I see Indians benefit too from less high class choke and rob. You live in race bait all the time.